Summary
Pycnanthemum, commonly known as mountain-mint, is a beautiful yet underappreciated genus of plants that is native primarily to the eastern United States. As the common name suggests, Pycnanthemum is in the mint family, and like culinary mints, Pycnanthemum are aromatic when bruised or brushed. Depending on the species, Pycnanthemum can have scents reminiscent of peppermint, basil, or lavender. Mountain-mints bloom for months in the summer and have dense flower clusters that attract large numbers of diverse insect pollinators. The spent flowers persist and provide an interesting winter feature. In addition to their inherent beauty and wildlife value, mountain-mints are highly resistant to browse from deer and other mammals. In favorable conditions, some species of Pycnanthemum grow rapidly by rhizomes, making them well suited for larger gardens or natural areas where they have room to spread. Other species form clumps or spread slowly and are a good choice for smaller home landscapes where space is at a premium.
The Pycnanthemum trial includes mountain-mints familiar to gardeners, as well as a few species that are largely untested in cultivation. Forty-two Pycnanthemum species, cultivars, and hybrids were planted in 2023 and 2024, and from 2025 to 2027 Mt. Cuba Center will assess their ornamental qualities and ecological value. The Pollinator Watch team will be busy counting visitors to these plants which are known to attract large numbers of pollinators. Results from the trial will be published, highlighting the best mountain-mints for the Mid-Atlantic region in term of garden performance and pollinator activity. We welcome guests to visit the trial and determine which Pycnanthemum they would choose for their garden.
The following species, ecotypes, and cultivars are currently being evaluated:
- Pycnanthemum albescens (AL ecotype): white-leaved mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum albescens ‘Malcolm Vidrine’: Malcolm Vidrine white-leaved mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum beadlei (SC ecotype): Beadle’s mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum pycnanthemoides var. pycnanthemoides (NC ecotype): southern mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum curvipes (GA ecotype): Tennessee mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum flexusoum: savanna mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum floridanum (FL ecotype): Florida mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum hybrid: hybrid mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum incanum: hoary mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum incanum (WV/VA ecotypes): hoary mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum incanum ‘Stowe Away’: Stowe Away hoary mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum incanum var. incanum (SC ecotype): hoary mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum loomisii (GA ecotype): loomis’s mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum loomisii (SC ecotype): loomis’s mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum montanum (SC ecotype): Appalachian mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum sp.: mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum muticum: clustered mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum incanum (PA mountain ecotype): clustered mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum muticum: clustered mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum muticum “mountain form” (NC ecotype): mountain form clustered mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum nudum (GA ecotype): hoary mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum pycnanthemoides var. pycnanthemoides (SC ecotype): southern mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum setosum (SC ecotype): awned mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum ‘Smoky Mountain Mint’: Smoky Mountain Mint hybrid mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum setosum “New River” (SC ecotype): New River awned mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium: narrowleaf mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (SC ecotype): narrowleaf mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (NJ ecotype): narrowleaf mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (NC ecotype): narrowleaf mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (OH ecotype): narrowleaf mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium ‘Campbell Carpet’: Campbell Carpet narrowleaf mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum torreyi (NY ecotype): Torrey’s mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum verticillatum x torreyi: hybrid mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum verticillatum: whorled mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. pilosum: whorled mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum virginianum: Virginia mountain-mint
- Pycnanthemum virginianum (PA ecotype): Virginia mountain-mint





